Andrea McKenna • June 29, 2026
Borrego Springs Sees Lowest Groundwater Pumping Since 2021
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New Watermaster reports show measurable progress on groundwater conservation, alongside ongoing debate over the Mesquite Bosque.
Borrego Springs, a desert community in eastern San Diego County, relies entirely on groundwater for homes, businesses, farming, and recreation. After decades of pumping more water than naturally returns to the Basin, the community is now working under a court-approved plan to reduce water use and protect its long-term supply. The current debate centers partly on the Mesquite Bosque, a desert woodland near the Borrego Sink that some scientists say depends on groundwater. It is one part of a larger story about water, conservation, residents, farming, recreation, and Borrego Springs’ future.
New figures presented during the May 2026 Borrego Springs Watermaster meeting show continued groundwater reductions across the Basin, marking one of the clearest signs yet that Borrego Springs’ long-term conservation efforts are having an impact.
According to the presentation, groundwater pumping in Water Year 2026 is down 1,551 acre-feet compared to WY 2025 and is currently the lowest pumping volume recorded since 2021. All sectors reduced pumping compared to the previous year, including agriculture, municipal users, recreation, and other groundwater users.
Agriculture accounted for the largest reduction, lowering pumping by 1,048 acre-feet from the prior year. Agriculture still represents the Basin’s largest groundwater use sector at approximately 51% of total pumping.
Watermaster consultants stated the ongoing pumping rampdown remains the most important action currently underway to slow and halt declining groundwater levels.
Borrego Springs operates under a court-approved Stipulated Judgment and Groundwater Management Plan filed on April 8, 2021. Managed by the Borrego Springs Watermaster, the plan requires strict annual pumping reductions, including a 75% reduction by 2040 to reach a sustainable yield target of 5,700 acre-feet.
The meeting also highlighted continued monitoring efforts across Borrego Springs. During Spring 2026 monitoring, groundwater-level data was collected from 58 of 59 wells, while groundwater-quality data was collected from 38 of 40 wells in the network.
At the center of ongoing discussion is the Mesquite Bosque near Borrego Sink and whether it should formally be recognized as a groundwater dependent ecosystem under California’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Act, commonly known as SGMA.
A recent UCI report concluded the Mesquite Bosque is connected to the regional aquifer and continues to decline in health due primarily to falling groundwater levels. The report recommended recognizing the bosque as an environmentally beneficial user of groundwater and proposed allocating 645 acre-feet annually to help protect it.
However, a separate TAC/EWG Recommendation Report presented to the Watermaster Board showed differing scientific opinions on whether the UCI report should be considered “best available science” for future management decisions.
The TAC, or Technical Advisory Committee, includes hydrogeologists, engineers, and technical consultants representing different Basin stakeholders. The EWG, or Environmental Working Group, focuses on environmental and habitat concerns related to groundwater management.
According to the recommendation report, four TAC members concluded the UCI report alone should not yet be used for policy decisions, while two EWG members considered the report to represent best available science.
The report showed differing opinions among Watermaster advisors and environmental representatives about whether the Mesquite Bosque should officially be classified as a groundwater dependent ecosystem. Two Environmental Working Group members supported the designation, while several Technical Advisory Committee members cited remaining uncertainty about the bosque’s reliance on groundwater versus soil moisture, runoff, and floodwater recharge.
Consultants also noted the UCI report may not fully account for deep soil moisture replenished by periodic flooding and infiltration from areas such as Coyote Creek.
Rather than immediately changing policy, Watermaster staff recommended additional monitoring, adaptive management, and further scientific review. Proposed next steps include expanded monitoring of groundwater levels, vegetation health, temperature, precipitation, surface water inflows, and possible impacts from pests, fire, and human activity.
The Board is also reviewing the groundwater model used to help estimate Borrego Springs’ long-term sustainable water supply.
Some concerns remain. Three parties are at risk of pumping more than allowed, and one party remains out of compliance with the Watermaster.
Overall, the reports show real progress, along with unresolved questions about the Mesquite Bosque, groundwater science, and how Borrego Springs balances conservation, residents, agriculture, recreation, and long-term water needs.
Sources and Background Materials
Watermaster Presentation
Borrego Springs Watermaster presentation.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/14nSHYSXcW4Xk-e1SfI_Ab0tQYCUZWS5n/view?usp=drive_link
San Diego Union-Tribune Article
The Union-Tribune article provides useful factual context, but its framing emphasizes conflict, dead mesquite, and Rams Hill’s water rights more than Borrego Springs’ measurable progress. It gives less attention to the fact that groundwater pumping has already declined and is at its lowest level since 2021.
https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/2026/05/17/deep-in-the-san-diego-county-desert-new-research-has-this-town-at-loggerheads-on-what-to-do-about-water/
UCI Groundwater-Dependent Ecosystems Report
The UCI report shows enough concern to justify continued monitoring and conservation measures, while also making clear that the full impact remains uncertain.
https://anzaborrego.ucnature.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/GDE-Final-report_15May2025.pdf
Technical Advisory Committee / Environmental Working Group Recommendation Report
This report provides technical recommendations related to groundwater-dependent ecosystems and should be used as an important planning and policy reference.
Fall 2025 Monitoring Report
The Fall 2025 Monitoring Report shows that groundwater levels at all wells remained above the minimum thresholds established in the 2020 Groundwater Management Plan. This supports a balanced message: Borrego Springs continues to face serious groundwater challenges, but the community is also making measurable progress.
https://borregospringswatermaster.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/VD.-Fall-2025-Monitoring-Report.pdf
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